Hair loss is a frequent issue affecting millions of individuals globally. By the time they are 50 years old, almost half of all men and women will experience considerable thinning or balding in their hair. Not only can the emotional impact of hair loss be devastating, causing individuals to worry and lose their confidence, but there are several treatment options for hair loss currently available with a scientific and clinical basis.
In this article, we’ll explore expert insights from neuroscientist Dr Andrew Huberman and other medical professionals on how to effectively treat hair loss before it’s too late.
Understanding Hair Loss
Hair loss, also known as alopecia, can occur for several reasons—genetics, hormonal changes, stress, nutritional deficiencies, or medical conditions. Androgenetic alopecia (male and female pattern baldness) is the most common type.
One key hormone responsible for hair thinning in this case is dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which miniaturises hair follicles and leads to the development of thinner, shorter hairs known as vellus hairs. The goal of most hair loss treatments is to reduce DHT levels or increase the growth of terminal hairs.
Top Hair Loss Medical Treatments
Finasteride: The Gold Standard
Finasteride is an inhibitor of the 5-alpha reductase enzyme, and as such, it blocks the conversion of testosterone into DHT. Oral use of finasteride in the form of a 1 mg daily dose has been found to decrease hair loss in as much as 90% of men and stimulate regrowth in a high percentage of users.
For patients with side effects, physicians can suggest decreasing the dose or switching to the topical solution. Although the 1% topical solution is widely purported to be the same as oral finasteride, there isn’t enough data to justify this yet.
Pro Tip: Always seek advice from a medical professional and check hormone levels if you do decide to initiate finasteride.
Minoxidil: An Over-the-Counter Favourite
Minoxidil, also marketed as Rogaine, functions by increasing blood supply to the scalp and converting vellus hairs to terminal hairs. It is formulated in topical solutions and foams and is commonly prescribed with finasteride for enhanced outcomes.
It’s worth mentioning, however, that minoxidil must be applied throughout one’s lifetime to be effective. Discontinuation of use will cause the regrown hair to fall out again.
Dutasteride: A Stronger Alternative
Dutasteride, another 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, is sometimes used if finasteride alone is not sufficient. It inhibits both type I and type II enzymes involved in the conversion of testosterone to DHT, which may make it more effective.
Emerging and Natural Hair Loss Treatments
Caffeine-Based Products
Caffeine has been found to activate hair follicles. Topical treatments and shampoos with caffeine can stimulate hair health. Products with this ingredient will likely become more popular as people become more aware.
IGF-1 and Hormonal Considerations
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is theoretically able to promote hair growth. Yet, raising IGF-1 with supplements or hormone treatments can also increase DHT, causing more hair loss. Individuals contemplating sermorelin or growth hormone supplements need to consider the advantages and consult a specialist.
Supplements for Insulin Sensitivity
Enhancing insulin sensitivity is another way to lower hair loss. Supplements such as:
- Myoinositol (900 mg at bedtime)
- Berberine
- Metformin (prescription only)
can enhance insulin action and might indirectly help retain hair. But be warned: too-quick weight loss also causes temporary hair loss by stressing the body.
Saw Palmetto
Saw palmetto is a natural DHT inhibitor that’s commonly incorporated into shampoos and conditioners. 300 mg daily (split into 2–3 doses) can maintain current hair. It’s also added to many formulations for hair care products for extra anti-androgenic benefits.
Ketoconazole Shampoo
Sold under the brand name Nizoral, ketoconazole is an anti-inflammatory and antifungal agent that has been shown to have good results in promoting both hair diameter and count. It’s most often used as an adjunct treatment with finasteride and minoxidil.
What’s the Best Hair Loss Treatment for You?
If you’re just beginning to experience hair thinning, finasteride is typically the first-line choice. You can add minoxidil for greater effect. Adding a shampoo with ketoconazole, caffeine, or saw palmetto can enhance your treatment naturally.
For those who prefer non-prescription options or adjunct therapies, supplements that enhance insulin sensitivity and inhibit inflammation can make subtle but important contributions.
Key Takeaways
- Finasteride is the most effective prescription hair loss treatment for men.
- Minoxidil can promote hair regrowth but requires continuous use.
- Caffeine, ketoconazole, and saw palmetto are helpful topical options.
- Supplements like myoinositol and berberine may assist by enhancing insulin sensitivity.
- Rapid weight loss and hormonal imbalances can worsen hair loss.
For more in-depth insights, check out our comprehensive guide to scalp health and DHT blockers
And for additional reading, visit the American Academy of Dermatology’s resource on hair loss
By addressing the issue early with a combination of medical treatments and lifestyle changes, you can significantly slow or even reverse hair loss. Stay informed, take action, and consult a healthcare provider to build a treatment plan that works best for you.
